Soil and Plant Interactions
روابط خاک و گیاه
Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions
http://jspi.iut.ac.ir
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اثر متقابل سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی و کاربرد زئولیت بر عملکرد خیار گلخانهای
Interaction of water stress and zeolite application on greenhouse cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) yield
پژوهشي
Research
<p dir="RTL" style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">استفاده از اصلاح کنندهها</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">ی</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">خاک</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">در</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">کشت</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: sakkal majalla;"></span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">های</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">گلخانهای</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">کاربرد</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">زیادی</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">پیدا</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">کرده</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">است</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">. </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">خیار</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">بهعنوان</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">یکی</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">از</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">محصولات</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">صیفی،</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">بیشترین</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">سطح</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">زیر</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">کشت</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">را</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">در</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">گلخانههای</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">کشور</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">دارد</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">. </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">از</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">اینرو،</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">در</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">این</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">تحقیق،</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">به</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">بررسی</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">تأثیر</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">کاربرد</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">زئولیت</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">و</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">تنش</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">آبی</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">بر</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">شاخص</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: sakkal majalla;"></span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">های</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">رشد</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">خیار</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">و</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">پارامت</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">رهای میوه (تعداد، وزن، طول و قطر میوه خیار) در آزمایشی بهصورت کرتهای خرد شده در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با ۹ تیمار و ۳ تکرار در گلخانهای </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">واقع</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">در</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">آرین</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">شهر</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">خراسان</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">جنوبی</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">پرداخته</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">شد</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">. </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">در</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">این</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">آزمایش،</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">زئولیت</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">در</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">سه</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">سطح</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;"> (</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">صفر،</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">۵</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">و</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">۱۰</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">گرم</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">در</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">هر</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">کیلوگرم</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">خاک</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">) </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">و</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">تنش</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">خ</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">شکی در سه سطح (صفر، ۲۵ و۵۰ درصد نیاز آبی) در طول دوره رشد گیاه اعمال شد. بررسی</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: sakkal majalla;"></span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">ها</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">نشان</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">داد</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">که</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">کاربرد</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">زئولیت</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">تنها</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">بر</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">تعداد</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">میوه</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">تأثیر</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">معنیداری</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">نداشته</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">است؛</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">ولی</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">تأثیر</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">آن</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">بر</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">سایر</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">پارامترهای</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">عملکرد</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;"> (</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">وزن</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">محصول،</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">طول</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">میوه</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">و</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">قطر</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">میوه</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">) </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">در</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">سطح</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;"> 5% </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">معنیدار</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">بوده</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">است</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">. اثر متقابل زئولیت و تنش خشکی معنیدار </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">بود</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">. </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">با</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">مصرف</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;"> 10 </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">گرم</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">زئولیت</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">در</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">یک</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">کیلوگرم</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">خاک،</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">بیشترین</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">عملکرد،</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">تعداد</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">میوه</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">و</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">طول</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">میوه</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">حاصل</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">شد</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">. </span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">با</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">افزایش</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">مقدار</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">زئولیت،</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">میزان</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">عملکرد</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">محصول</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">نیز</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">افزایش</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">یافته</span></span></strong> <strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">است</span></span></strong><strong><span style="font-size: 11pt;"><span style="font-family: b lotus;">. </span></span></strong></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Soil amendments have been widely used in greenhouse cultivation. Cucumber, as an important summer crop, has the highest area under cultivation in the greenhouses of Iran. For this reason, in the present research, effect of applying zeolite and drought stress on cucumber growth and its fruit parameters (number, weight, length and diameter of the fruit) was investigated in a split-plots experiment, based on completely randomized design, with 9 treatments and 3 replications, in Arian city, Southern Khorasan province, Iran. Three levels of drought stress (0, 25% and 50% of water requirement), as the main plots, and three levels of zeolite (0, 5 and 10 grams per kg of soil), as the sub-plots, were applied during the plant’s growing season. Results showed that application of zeolite didn’t have significant effect on number of fruits; but its effect on other yield parameters (fruit weight, fruit length and fruit diameter) was significant at 5% level. Interaction between water stress and zeolite was significant. Application of 10 grams of zeolite per kg of soil resulted in the highest yield, number of fruits and fruit length. Increasing the amount of zeolite, increased fruit yield..</p>
تنش خشکی, زئولیت, شاخصهای عملکرد, خراسان جنوبی
Water stress, Zeolite, Yield indices, Southern Khorasan.
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