fa تأثیر اسید هیومیک بر رشد و محتوای عناصر غذایی برگ و ریشه توت‌فرنگی رقم سابرینا در شرایط تنش شوری پژوهشي Research <p dir="RTL" style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%; text-indent: 2.4pt; unicode-bidi: embed; direction: rtl;"><strong><span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شوری از مخرب‌&shy;ترین تنش&shy;‌های غیر&shy;زنده محیطی است که میزان تولید محصولات کشاورزی را در دنیا محدود می&shy;‌کند.</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">به&shy;‌منظور تعیین</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">اثر</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">اسیدهیومیک</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">بر</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">برخی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">ویژگی&shy;‌های</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">مورفولوژیک و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">جذب عناصر </span></span></span><span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">توت</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">فرنگی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">رقم</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">سابرینا&nbsp;</span></span></span></strong>&nbsp;(<em>Fragaria ananassa</em> Duch cv. Sabrina)&nbsp;<strong><span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شرایط</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تنش شوری،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">آزمایشی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">گلخانه&shy;‌ای</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">با</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">سه</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> عامل</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شامل</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">دو</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">روش</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">کاربرد</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">اسید</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">هیومیک (محلول&shy;‌پاشی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">برگی،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">کاربرد</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">محیط کشت)،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">سه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">غلظت</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">اسید</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">هیومیک</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">(</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">صفر،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">300</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">و</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">600</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">میلی&shy;‌گرم</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">لیتر</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">) و </span></span></span><span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">سه</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">سطح</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شوری</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">(</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">صفر، 20 و 40 میلی&shy;‌مولار کلرید سدیم</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">)</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">به</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">&shy;</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">صورت</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">فاکتوریل،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">قالب</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">طرح</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">کاملاً</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تصادفی</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">با</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">چهار</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">تکرار،</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">انجام</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">شد. نتایج نشان داد که</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">در سطح شوری 40 میلی&shy;‌مولار، میزان کاهش وزن تازه شاخساره و ریشه به‌&shy;ترتیب 36/65 و 26/85 درصد در مقایسه با شاهد بود. با افزایش شوری، غلظت عنصر سدیم افزایش و غلظت عناصر پتاسیم، کلسیم و منیزیم در برگ و ریشه کاهش یافت. در تیمار شوری 40 میلی&shy;‌مولار، کاربرد 600 میلی&rlm;‌گرم در لیتر اسید هیومیک، میزان کلسیم ریشه را 65% افزایش داد. کاربرد اسید هیومیک، غلظت سدیم را در برگ و ریشه کا</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">هش</span></span></span><span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;"> داده و غلظت عناصر آهن و روی را بهبود بخشید.</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" style="letter-spacing:-.1pt;"><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:11.0pt;">نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که کاربرد اسید هیومیک (به&shy;‌ویژه در غلظت 600 میلی&shy;‌گرم در لیتر) می&shy;‌تواند آثار منفی شوری را در توت‌فرنگی رقم سابرینا تعدیل کند.</span></span></span></strong></p> Salinity is one of the most brutal environmental stresses limiting the productivity of agricultural crops. In order to determine the effect of humic acid on some morphological and physiological characteristics and uptake of elements by strawberry (<em>Fragaria ananassa </em>Duch. cv. Sabrina) under salinity stress, a greenhouse factorial experiment was conducted with three factors including two treatment methods of humic acid application (spray and drench), three humic acid levels (0, 300 and 600 mg/L) and three salinity levels (0, 20 and 40 mM NaCl) in a completely randomized design with four replications. Results revealed that in the salinity level of 40 mM, the dry weights of shoot and root were reduced by 36.65 and 26.85 percents compared to control. With increasing the salinity level, the Na⁺ concentration increased and the K⁺, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ concentrations in leaves and roots decreased. In the presence of 40 mM NaCl in external media, application of 600 mg/L humic acid increased root Ca²⁺ concentration by 65 %. However, application of humic acid mitigated the Na⁺ concentration in leaves and roots and improved the Fe²⁺and Zn²⁺concentrations. According to the results of this study, application of humic acid (especially at 600 mg/L) ameliorated the deleterious effects of salt stress in strawberry cv. Sabrina&nbsp;<br> <br> &nbsp; توت‌فرنگی, سدیم, کاربرد خاکی, کلسیم, وزن تازه ریشه Strawberry, Sodium, Soil application, Calcium, Fresh weight of root 1 19 http://jspi.iut.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1840-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 P. Khodamoradi پیام خدامرادی Yes Dept. of Hort. Sci., Faculty of Agric., Urmia Univ., Urmia, Iran گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه J. Amiri جعفر امیری j.amiri@urmia.ac.ir No Dept. of Hort. Sci., Faculty of Agric., Shiraz Univ., Shiraz, Iran گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه ُS. Eshghi سعید عشقی No Dept. of Hort. Sci., Faculty of Agric., Shiraz Univ., Shiraz, Iran گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه شیراز B. B. Doulati بهنام دولتی No Dept. of Soil Sci., Faculty of Agric., Urmia Univ., Urmia, Iran گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه