Soil and Plant Interactions
روابط خاک و گیاه
Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions -Isfahan University of Technology
http://jspi.iut.ac.ir
18
agent2
2783-5014
2783-5286
fa
jalali
1401
12
1
gregorian
2023
3
1
14
1
online
1
fulltext
fa
تغییرات صفات فیزیولوژیک و فیتوشیمیایی گیاه شنبلیله (Trigonella foenum-groecum) در واکنش به تلقیح با گونههای مختلف قارچ مایکورایزا
The Changes of Physiological and Phytochemical Traits of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-groecum) in Response to Inoculation With Different Species of Mycorrhizal Fungi
ريزجانداران ریزوسفری محرک رشد گیاه
Plant growth promoting microrganisms in the rhizosphere
پژوهشي
Research
بهمنظور بررسی و مقایسه تأثیر ده گونه قارچ مایکورایزا متعلق به هفت جنس مختلف (<em>Racocetra</em>،<em><span style="color:#ffffff;">و</span>Rhizophagus</em>،<em><span style="color:#ffffff;">و</span>Claroideoglomus</em>،<span style="color:#ffffff;">و</span><em>Funneliformis</em>،<em><span style="color:#ffffff;">و</span>Diversispora</em>،<span style="color:#ffffff;">و</span><em>Acaulospora </em>و <em>Gigaspora</em>) بر برخی صفات رشدی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه شنبلیله، پژوهشی گلدانی بر پایه طرح کاملاً تصادفی در گلخانه پژوهشی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد انجام شد. در پژوهش حاضر تغییرات زیستتوده، تعداد و طول غلاف، وزن هزار دانه، رنگیزههای فتوسنتزی، ترکیبات فنولی، کربوهیدراتهای محلول، پروتئین کل، ظرفیت آنتیاکسیدانی در گیاه شنبلیله در واکنش به تلقیح مایکورایزایی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج تجزیه واریانس دادهها نشان داد که اثر قارچهای مایکورایزا بر کلیه صفات مورد بررسی در سطح احتمال یک درصد معنیدار بود. براساس یافتههای بدست آمده، واکنش گیاه شنبلیله به تلقیح با گونههای مختلف قارچ مایکوریزا متفاوت بود. تلقیح با گونههای مناسب قارچ مایکورایزا بهطور کارآمد از طریق بهبود شرایط رشدی گیاه و صفات بیوشیمیایی منجر به افزایش و بهبود صفات رشدی از جمله زیستتوده تازه و خشک کل گیاه شنبلیله شد. در پژوهش حاضر همه گونههای مایکوریزا بهویژه <em>R</em>. <em>castanea</em>،<span style="color:#ffffff;">و</span><em>A</em>. <em>langula</em>،<span style="color:#ffffff;">و</span><em>R</em>. <em>intraradicese</em> و <em>G</em>. <em>margarita </em>میزان کلروفیل و فعالیتهای آنزیمهای آنتیاکسیدانی گیاه شنبلیله را نسبت به شاهد افزایش دادند که همراه با افزایش رشد گیاه از نظر زیستتوده تازه و خشک در این تیمارها بود. بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش تلقیح گیاه شنبلیله با قارچهای <em>C</em>. <em>claroideum</em>،<span style="color:#ffffff;">و</span><em>R</em>. <em>castanea</em>،<span style="color:#ffffff;">و</span><em>A</em>. <em>langula</em>،<span style="color:#ffffff;">و</span><em>G</em>. <em>margarita</em>،<span style="color:#ffffff;">و</span><em>R</em>. <em>fasciculatus</em> و <em>F</em>. <em>caledonium</em> میتواند بهعنوان جایگزین مناسب کودهای شیمیایی برای افزایش عملکرد این گیاه پیشنهاد شود.
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="page-break-after:auto"><span style="line-height:130%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Arial,"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:130%">Abstract</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:11.0pt">To investigate the effect of ten species of mycorrhizal fungi belonging to seven different genera (<i>Racocetra</i>, <i>Rhizophagus</i>, <i>Claroideoglomus</i>, <i>Funneliformis</i>, <i>Diversispora</i>, <i>Acaulospora</i> and <i>Gigaspora</i>) on some growth and biochemical traits of fenugreek (<i>Trigonella foenum-groecum</i>), a pot experiment based on a completely randomized design was conducted in the research greenhouse of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. The changes of biomass, number and length of pods, weight of 1000 seeds, photosynthetic pigments, phenolic compounds, soluble carbohydrates, total protein, and antioxidant capacity in fenugreek plants in response to mycorrhizal inoculation were studied. The results of variance analysis of the data showed that the effect of mycorrhizal fungi on all studied traits was significant at the probability level of 1%. Based on the findings, the response of fenugreek plant to inoculation with different species of mycorrhizal fungi was variable. Inoculation with suitable species of mycorrhizal fungi through improving the growth condition and biochemical traits of treated plants increased the fenugreek growth based on plant fresh and dry weights. In the present study, mycorrhizal species, especially <i>R. castanea</i>, <i>A. langula</i>, <i>R. intraradicese,</i> and <i>G. margarita</i> enhanced the amount of chlorophyll and the activities of antioxidant enzymes of inoculated fenugreek plant compared to the control, which was accompanied by increasing the plant growth in terms of fresh and dry weights in these treatments. According to the obtained results, inoculation of fenugreek plant with <i>C. claroideum</i>, <i>R. castanea</i>, <i>A. langula</i>, <i>G. margarita</i>, <i>R. fasciculatus</i>, and <i>F. caledonium</i> fungi can be suggested as a suitable alternative for chemical fertilizers to increase the yield of this plant.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Background and Objective: </span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">In sustainable agriculture, organic and low input cultivation systems are the most important factors and the application of biofertilizers to reduce chemical fertilizers usage is the main step (1). Biofertilizers can improve physical, chem</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt">ical and biological properties of soil and with minimum negative effects on the environment, could increase soil fertility (2). The application of useful microorganisms such as arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi as an important biofertilizer plays a key role in water and nutrient supply for plants (3).</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect inoculation </span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:11.0pt">with different mycorrhizal species on the growth and biochemical traits of fenugreek.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:11.0pt"></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Methods:</span></b> <span style="font-size:11.0pt">A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the inoculation effect of different species of mycorrhizal fungi on the growth, physiological and biochemical characteristics of fenugreek (<i>Trigonella foenum-graceum</i>) based on a completely randomized design with three replications in the research greenhouse of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad during 2020</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:Symbol">-</span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt">2021. The treatments included 10 species of mycorrhizal fungi <i>Glomus mosseae</i>, <i>Glomus etunicatum</i>, <i>Glomus claroideum</i>, <i>Glomus caledonium</i>, <i>Glomus interaradices</i>, <i>Glomus fasiculatum</i>, <i>Acaulospora langula</i>, <i>Scutellospora castanea</i>, <i>Glomus versiforme</i>, <i>Gigaspora margarit</i> and non-inoculation (control).</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> The studied traits included plant fresh and dry weights, number of pods, 1000-seeds weight, photosynthesis pigments, soluble carbohydrate, total phenol, flavonoids, total protein, and antioxidant activity. Minitab17 software was used to analyze the data and the mean comparison was performed based on Bonferoni test at 1% probability level.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:11.0pt"></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Results:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> The results of variance analysis showed that the effect of mycorrhizal fungi on all studied traits was significant at the 1% probability level. According to the obtained results, the response of fenugreek to inoculation depended on the mycorrhizal fungi species. Among the studied mycorrhizal species, the <i>S. castanea</i> had the greatest effect on improving the plant biomass and photosynthesis pigments. The highest pod number and 1000-seeds weight were obtained in the plants inoculated with </span><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt">G. claroideum. </span></i><span style="font-size:11.0pt">In the plants inoculated with <i>F. mosseae</i> and <i>C. claroideum</i>, the total phenolic compounds were higher than in the other treatments.</span><b> </b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Also, the highest activities of guaiacol peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase were recorded in the plants treated with<b> </b><i>R. fasciculatus.</i></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"></span></b></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Conclusions: </span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Inoculation with appropriate species of mycorrhizal fungi could effectively increase the growth and biomass of fenugreek by improving the plant physiological traits. According to the results of this study, inoculation of fenugreek with </span><i><span style="font-size:11.0pt">C. claroideum</span></i><span style="font-size:11.0pt">, <i>R. castanea</i>, <i>A. langula</i>, <i>G. margarita</i>, <i>R. fasciculatus</i>, and <i>F. caledonium</i></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> can be suggested as a suitable alternative for chemical fertilizers to increase the yield of fenugreek under the greenhouse conditions.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="text-autospace:none"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:11.0pt"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">References:</span></b></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="background:white">1. Rahimi, A., Dovlati, B., Amirnia, R., Heydarzade, S., 2019. Effect of application of mycorrhizal fungus and Azotobacter on physiological characteristics of <i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i> L. under water stress conditions. <i>Iranian Journal of Plant Biology</i> 11(4): 1</span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span mt="" style="font-family:" symbol="">-</span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="background:white">18. (In Persian with English abstract)</span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="background:white">2. Rezazadeh Roghani, Sh., Aminian, R., Maffakheri, S., Asghari, B., 2019. The effect of biological fertilizers on the morphological traits of fenugreek (<i>Terigonella foenum.graecum</i>) in different humidity conditions. <i>Horticultural Plant Nutrition</i> 2(1): 145</span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span mt="" style="font-family:" symbol="">-</span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="background:white">163. (In Persian with English abstract)</span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:11.0pt">3. Siavash Moghadam, S., Rahimi, A., Heydarzadeh, S., Moradzadeh, S., Hasanlu, M., 2017. The effect of mycorrhizal fungus symbiosis on the yield and biochemical characteristics of the medicinal plant fenugreek. <i>Biotechnology of Medicinal Plants</i> 3(1): 40</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"><span mt="" style="font-family:" symbol="">-</span></span><span style="font-size:11.0pt">52. (In Persian with English abstract)</span></span></span></span></span>
ترکیبات فنولی, زیستتوده, ظرفیت آنتیاکسیدانی, کودهای زیستی.
Phenolic compounds, Biomass, Antioxidant capacity, Biofertilizers.
1
17
http://jspi.iut.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1210-13&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Sh.
Ghoroori
شکیلا
غروری
shakila.ghoroori@gmail.com
1800319475328460012967
1800319475328460012967
No
Department of Horticultural Science and Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
M.
Moghadam
محمد
مقدم
m.moghadam@um.ac.ir
1800319475328460012968
1800319475328460012968
Yes
Department of Horticultural Science and Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
گروه علوم باغبانی و مهندسی فضای سبز، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد
N.
Farhadi
نسرین
فرهادی
nasrin.farhadi@gmail.com
1800319475328460012969
1800319475328460012969
No
Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.
گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تبریز