Soil and Plant Interactions
روابط خاک و گیاه
Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions -Isfahan University of Technology
http://jspi.iut.ac.ir
18
agent2
2783-5014
2783-5286
fa
jalali
1401
12
1
gregorian
2023
3
1
14
1
online
1
fulltext
fa
اثر سویههای Bacillus pumilus و Zhihengliuella halotolerans بر صفات مورفو-فیزیولوژیک گیاه قرهداغ (Nitraria schoberi) تحت تنش گرد و غبار
The Potential of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria Bacillus pumilus and Zhihengliuella halotolerans Strains on The Morpho-Physiological Traits of Nitraria schoberi Under Dust Stress
روابط آب و گیاه
Plant water relations
پژوهشي
Research
در این پژوهش تأثیر باکتریهای محرک رشد گیاه <em>Bacillus pumilus </em>و <em>Zhihengliuella halotolerans </em> بر صفات مورفو-فیزیولوژیک گیاه قرهداغ تحت تأثیر گرد و غبار (شاهد و 1/5 میلیگرم بر متر مربع در ماه) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که گرد و غبار بر صفات مورفولوژیک و فیزیولوژیک گیاه تأثیر منفی دارد. گرد و غبار باعث کاهش 20، 15، 17 و 20 درصدی در بهترتیب کلروفیل <em>a</em>، کاروتنوئید، پروتئین محلول کل و زیستتوده خشک و افزایش فلاونوئید کل، محتوای فنل کل، ظرفیت آنتیاکسیدانی کل و گلایسین بتائین بهترتیب به مقدار 107، 32، 15 و 10 درصدی در مقایسه با نمونه شاهد شد. هر دو باکتری شرایط گیاه را در برابر تنش بهبود بخشیدند؛ بهطوریکه<br>
<em>B. pumilus</em> و <em>Z. halotolerans</em> بهترتیب باعث افزایش مقدار 13 و 21 درصدی کلروفیل <em>b</em>،<span style="color:#ffffff;">و</span>27 و 43 درصدی پروتئین، 60 و 27 درصدی زیستتوده خشک در شرایط شاهد گرد و غبار شد. در این میان نقش سویه <em>B. pumilus</em> بیشتر از سویه <em>Z. halotolerans</em> بود؛ بهطوریکه سویه <em>B. pumilus</em> بهتنهایی بیشترین تأثیر را در افزایش معنیدار کلروفیل <em>a</em> و شاخص کیفیت نهال بهترتیب به مقدار 52 و 108 درصد در تیمار گرد و غبار داشت. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که باکتریهای محرک رشد گیاه جداسازیشده از گیاهان مرتعی شورپسند میتوانند باعث افزایش مقاومت گیاه قرهداغ در شرایط تنش گرد و غبار شوند. این موضوع در جنگلکاری بهینه اینگونه و تثبیت ریزگردهای نمکی در پلایاها (دریاچههای خشک) در اکوسیستمهای خشک و نیمهخشک دارای اهمیت است.
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="page-break-after:auto"><span style="line-height:130%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Arial,"><span style="font-weight:bold"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:130%">Abstract</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:11.0pt">In this research, the effect of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, <i>Bacillus pumilus,</i> and <i>Zhihengliuella halotolerans</i>, on the morpho-physiological traits of <i>Nitraria schoberi</i><b> </b>under the influence of dust (control and 1.5 g/m<sup>2</sup>/month) was investigated. The results showed that dust had a negative effect on the morphological and physiological traits of the plant. Dust caused a decrease of 20, 15, 17 and 20% in chlorophyll a, carotenoid, total soluble protein, and total dry biomass and an increase in the total flavonoids, total phenol content, total antioxidant capacity and glycine betaine amounting to 107, 32, 15 and 10 percents, respectively. Both bacteria improved the condition of the plant against stress, so that <i>B. pumilus</i> and <i>Z. halotolerans</i> increased the amount of chlorophyll b by 13 and 21%, protein by 27 and 43%, and total biomass by 60 and 27%, respectively. In this experiment, the role of <i>B. pumilus</i> strain was more than that of <i>Z. halotolerans</i> strain, so that <i>B. pumilus</i> strain alone had the greatest effect in increasing chlorophyll a and seedling quality index by 52 and 108%, respectively. The results showed that <i>B. pumilus</i> and <i>Z. halotolerans</i> strains can increase the resistance of the <i>Nitraria schoberi</i> to dust stress and help us to stabilize salty dusts in </span><span style="font-size:11.0pt">playas.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:11.0pt"></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Background and Objective:</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> Salt and dust can cause harmful effects on the photosynthetic activity and serious damage to the plant. Plants under these stresses will experience a series of morphological, physiological and biochemical changes (4). In recent years, the use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria as a leading strategy in reducing the effects of environmental stresses has attracted the attention of researchers (3). In this research, the effect of inoculation of two bacteria, <i>Bacillus pumilus</i> and <i>Zhihengliuella halotolerans</i>, on some morphological and physiological traits of <i>Nitraria schoberi</i> under dust stress was investigated. The results of this research can help us in the optimal afforestation of this species under dust in the conditions of climate change in arid and semi-arid ecosystems.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:5.0pt"></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Methods: </span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Three-month old seedlings of the same size were inoculated by plant growth-promoting bacteria</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt"> under dust stress in a two-factor factorial experiment with a randomized complete block design in three replications in a period of 5 months. The strains of <i>Bacillus pumilus</i> and <i>Zhihengliuella halotolerans</i> were provided by previously purified research by Amini et al. (2022) (1). Inoculation was applied twice to the plant roots. Only nutrient broth solution without bacteria was applied to the control plants. Dusting was done using a simulator. The amount of falling dust equal to 1.5 grams per square meter per month was applied once a week. After completing the treatments, 8-month old seedlings were sampled for physiological and morphological tests. The amounts of chlorophyll a, b and leaf carotenoid, total anthocyanin and flavonoid, total phenol content, total antioxidant activity, glycine betaine, malondialdehyde and total soluble protein were measured (2). </span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:11.0pt"></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Results: </span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">The results showed that dust had a negative effect on the morphological and physiological traits of the plant. Dust caused a decrease of 20, 15, 17 and 20% in chlorophyll a, carotenoid, total soluble protein, and total dry biomass and an increase in total flavonoid, total phenol content, total antioxidant capacity and glycine betaine amounting to 107, 32, 15 and 10 percents, respectively. Both bacteria improved the condition of the plant against stress, so that <i>B. pumilus</i> and <i>Z. halotolerans</i> increased the amount of chlorophyll b by 13 and 21%, protein by 27 and 43%, and total biomass by 60 and 27%, respectively. In this experiment, the role of <i>B. pumilus</i> strain was more pronounced than that of <i>Z. halotolerans</i> strain. <i>B. pumilus</i> strain alone had the greatest effect in increasing chlorophyll a and seedling quality index by 52 and 108%, respectively. The results showed that the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria could increase the resistance of the <i>Nitraria schoberi</i><b> </b>under dust stress and help us to stabilize salty dusts in playas.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:11.0pt"></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Conclusions: </span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">The results showed that the plant growth-promoting bacteria improved the morphological and physiological traits of <i>Nitraria schoberi</i> seedlings under dust stress compared to the control. It can be concluded that the rhizosphere of salt-tolerant plants are suitable sources for isolating salt-resistant bacteria. It is also concluded that <i>B. pumilus</i> and <i>Z. halotolerans</i> can increase resistance to dust stress via improving <i>Nitraria schoberi</i> seedlings physiological traits. However, it is necessary to conduct additional field research in the desert habitat to examine the performance and efficiency of these bacterial strains as suitable bio-fertilizers to deal with dusty conditions.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:11.0pt"></span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">References: </span></b></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:11.0pt">1. Amini Hajiabadi, A., Mosleh Arani, A., Ghasemi, S., Rad, M.H., Etesami, H., Shabazi Manshadi, S., Dolati, A., 2021. Mining the rhizosphere of halophytic rangeland plants for halotolerant bacteria to improve growth and yield of salinity-stressed wheat. <i>Plant Physiology and Biochemistry</i> 163: 139</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt">–</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt">153.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:11.0pt">2. Dickson, A., Leaf, A.L., Hosner, J.F., 1960. Quality appraisal of white spruce and white pine seedling stock in nurseries. <i>The Forestry Chronicle</i> 36(1): 10</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt">–</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt">13. </span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:11.0pt">3. Rastegari, A.A., Yadav, A.N., Yadav, N., 2020. New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Trends of Microbial Biotechnology for Sustainable Agriculture and Biomedicine Systems: Diversity and Functional Perspectives. Elsevier: Amsterdam, The Netherlands.</span></span></span></span></span><br>
<span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-size:11.0pt">4. Zilaie, M.N., Arani, A.M., Etesami, H., Dinarvand, M., Dolati, A., 2022. Halotolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria-mediated alleviation of salinity and dust stress and improvement of forage yield in the desert halophyte <i>Seidlitzia rosmarinus</i>. <i>Environmental and Experimental Botany</i> 201: 104952.</span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:11.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Lotus""></span></span></span></span></span></span>
احیای بیولوژیک, باکتری محرک رشد گیاه, دریاچه خشک, صفات فیزیولوژیک, گیاهان شورپسند.
Biological restoration, Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, Playa, Physiological traits, Halophytic species.
89
107
http://jspi.iut.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-2091-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
M.
Najafi Zilaie
محمود
نجفی زیلایی
mahmoodnajafi1364@gmail.com
1800319475328460013138
1800319475328460013138
No
Desert Management and Control, Faculty of Natural Resources and Desert Studies, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
مدیریت و کنترل بیابان، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران
A.
Mosleh Arani
اصغر
مصلحآرانی
amosleh@yazd.ac.ir
1800319475328460013139
1800319475328460013139
Yes
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Desert Studies, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran.
گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویرشناسی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران
H.
Etesami
حسن
اعتصامی
hassanetesami@ut.ac.ir
1800319475328460013140
1800319475328460013140
No
Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
گروه خاکشناسی، دانشکده مهندسی و فناوری کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران