fa اثر کاربرد کودهای آلی در کشت بدون خاک بر ماندگاری پس از برداشت میوه توت‌فرنگی (Fragaria ×ananassa Duch. cv. Camarosa) پژوهشي Research <p align="justify"><strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Lotus FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-no-proof: yes" dir="rtl" lang="FA">بسترهای کاشت می­توانند بر کیفیت و عمر پس از برداشت میوه توت­فرنگی اثر بگذارند. در پژوهش حاضر، اثر هفت نوع بستر کاشت شامل بستر پایه (ترکیب 50% کوکوپیت و 50% پرلیت) و بستر غنی­</span><span dir="ltr"></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 9pt mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-font-family: Lotus mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US mso-bidi-language: FA mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt mso-no-proof: yes" lang="FA"><span dir="ltr"></span> </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Lotus FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-no-proof: yes" dir="rtl" lang="FA">شده با 10، 20 و 40 درصد کود آلی ورمی­کمپوست و 10، 20 و 40 درصد کود دامی در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار روی کیفیت و ماندگاری پس از برداشت میوه توت­فرنگی رقم کاماروسا بررسی گردید. میوه­های توت­فرنگی، در مرحله رسیدن تجاری، به‌مدت 5 دقیقه در محلول 1 میلی­مولار پوتریسین غوطه­ور شدند. سپس، سطح میوه­ها در هوای معمولی اتاق خشک شد و در ظروف پلاستیکی به یخچال با دمای 4 درجه سلسیوس منتقل شدند. بعد از 15 روز، میزان مواد جامد محلول (</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 9pt mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-font-family: Lotus mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US mso-bidi-language: FA mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt mso-no-proof: yes">TSS</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Lotus FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-no-proof: yes" dir="rtl" lang="FA"><span dir="rtl"></span>)، اسیدیته کل (</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 9pt mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-font-family: Lotus mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US mso-bidi-language: FA mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt mso-no-proof: yes">TA</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Lotus FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-no-proof: yes" dir="rtl" lang="FA"><span dir="rtl"></span>)، نسبت </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 9pt mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-font-family: Lotus mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US mso-bidi-language: FA mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt mso-no-proof: yes">TSS/TA</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Lotus FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-no-proof: yes" dir="rtl" lang="FA"><span dir="rtl"></span>، سفتی بافت میوه و درصد کاهش وزن میوه­ها اندازه­گیری شد. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه واریانس نشان داد که بستر­های کاشت بر سفتی بافت میوه، </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 9pt mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-font-family: Lotus mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US mso-bidi-language: FA mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt mso-no-proof: yes">TA</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Lotus FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-no-proof: yes" dir="rtl" lang="FA"><span dir="rtl"></span>، </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 9pt mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-font-family: Lotus mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US mso-bidi-language: FA mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt mso-no-proof: yes">TSS</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Lotus FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-no-proof: yes" dir="rtl" lang="FA"><span dir="rtl"></span>، نسبت </span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 9pt mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-font-family: Lotus mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US mso-bidi-language: FA mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt mso-no-proof: yes">TSS/TA</span><span dir="rtl"></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Lotus FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-no-proof: yes" dir="rtl" lang="FA"><span dir="rtl"></span> و درصد کاهش وزن اثر معنی­داری داشتند. کمترین کاهش وزن مربوط به تیمار 10٪ کود دامی (2/16%) و بیشترین کاهش وزن (36%) در بستر شاهد مشاهده شد. بیشترین مواد جامد محلول میوه (13/19%) در بستر کشت حاوی 40% ورمی­کمپوست مشاهده گردید. به‌دلیل عاری بودن بستر­های کاشت بدون خاک از عوامل بیماری­زا، هیچ میوه توت­فرنگی پیش و پس از برداشت پوسیده نشد. بنابراین، با استفاده از کود</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: "Times New Roman","serif" FONT-SIZE: 9pt mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-bidi-font-family: Lotus mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US mso-bidi-language: FA mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt mso-no-proof: yes">­</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: Lotus FONT-SIZE: 11pt mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-ansi-language: EN-US mso-fareast-language: EN-US mso-bidi-language: FA mso-ansi-font-size: 9.0pt mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman' mso-no-proof: yes" dir="rtl" lang="FA">های آلی در بستر­های کاشت، نه تنها نیازی به استفاده از سموم شیمیایی نیست، بلکه می­توان عمر پس از برداشت میوه­های توت­فرنگی را هم افزایش داد.</span></strong></p> <p align="justify">  Growing media could affect quality and shelf life of strawberry fruits. In the present study, effect of seven growing media including a control medium (50% cocopeat + 50% perlite v/v ), and media supplemented with either 10, 20 and 40% of vermicompost or cattle manure in a completely randomized design with three replications was studied on<strong> </strong>postharvest quality and shelf life <strong></strong>extension <strong></strong>of Camarosa strawberry<strong> </strong>fruits . Freshly<strong> </strong>picked strawberry fruits were submerged in 1 mM putrescine solution for 5 minutes and after being air-dried at room temperature, were kept in plastic containers at 4 ºC refrigerator. After 15 days, total soluble solids ( TSS), total acidity (TA), TSS/TA ratio, fruit firmness and the percentage of fruit weight loss were determined . The results of analysis of variance showed that growing media had significant effect on fruit firmness, TA, TSS, TSS/TA ratio and percentage of fruit weight loss. The lowest fruit weight loss (16.2%) belonged to 10% cattle manure medium and the highest weight loss (36%) was observed in control medium. The highest fruit TSS content (19.13%) was observed in the growing medium containing 40% vermicompost. Since soilless culture growing media of strawberry are pathogen-free, no fruit was rotted before or after the harvest. Therefore, by using organic fertilizers in growing media, not only there is no need to use chemical fungicides, but also it would be possible to increase postharvest shelf life of strawberry fruits. </p> ورمی‌کمپوست, کود دامی, ماندگاری پس از برداشت Vermicompost, Cattle manure, Postharvest shelf life 107 114 http://jspi.iut.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1-10&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 S. Bidaki سمیرا بیدکی No Resour. Univ., Sari, Iran دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری V. Chalavi ویدا چالوی v.chalavi@sanru.ac.ir Yes Resour. Univ., Sari, Iran دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری