Volume 17, Issue 1 (Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions 2026)
2026, 17(1): 51-74 |
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1- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran ,a_sepehri@basu.ac.ir
2- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran ,
Abstract: (474 Views)
Background and Objective: Drought, cadmium, and microplastics affect nutrient uptake, translocation, and plant growth. In this study, the effect of symbiosis with Serendipita indica fungus on dry matter accumulation and nutrient translocation in Koshia (Bassia scoparia) under drought stress, cadmium, and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastics.
Methods: The experiment was conducted as a factorial arrangement based on a completely randomized design with three replications in a sandy clay loam soil. Treatments included drought stress at 35, 65, and 100% (control) of field capacity (FC), cadmium at 0 (control) and 10 mg kg⁻¹ soil, and three levels of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastic at 0, 0.1, and 1%, in the presence or absence of the fungus. The evaluated traits included biomass, cadmium accumulation in root and shoot, cadmium translocation factor, bioaccumulation factor, and nutrient concentrations.
Results: The highest percentage of fungal colonization under non-stress conditions was 87%. In the treatments with cadmium, microplastic, and drought at 65 and 35% of FC, the biomass decreased by 8 and 36%, respectively, corresponding with the reduction in fungal colonization. The fungus had positive effects on nutrient uptake, growth, and maintenance of ion homeostasis in the plant. Cadmium accumulation, translocation factor, and bioaccumulation showed a decreasing trend under combined stress conditions. Fungal symbiosis in the 10 mg kg⁻¹ cadmium treatment increased cadmium uptake in root by 14% compared to the treatment without fungus. Under stress conditions, the concentrations of zinc, iron, and calcium decreased, while magnesium increased in the root and shoot.
Conclusion: The results showed that S. indica fungus coexisted well with the Kochia plant, and by maintaining ionic balance and improving plant growth during combined stresses. It not only contributed to a sustainable biological system but also promoted plant phytoremediation by increasing the plant's ability to take up and accumulate cadmium in the root, even under microplastic pollution.
Methods: The experiment was conducted as a factorial arrangement based on a completely randomized design with three replications in a sandy clay loam soil. Treatments included drought stress at 35, 65, and 100% (control) of field capacity (FC), cadmium at 0 (control) and 10 mg kg⁻¹ soil, and three levels of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microplastic at 0, 0.1, and 1%, in the presence or absence of the fungus. The evaluated traits included biomass, cadmium accumulation in root and shoot, cadmium translocation factor, bioaccumulation factor, and nutrient concentrations.
Results: The highest percentage of fungal colonization under non-stress conditions was 87%. In the treatments with cadmium, microplastic, and drought at 65 and 35% of FC, the biomass decreased by 8 and 36%, respectively, corresponding with the reduction in fungal colonization. The fungus had positive effects on nutrient uptake, growth, and maintenance of ion homeostasis in the plant. Cadmium accumulation, translocation factor, and bioaccumulation showed a decreasing trend under combined stress conditions. Fungal symbiosis in the 10 mg kg⁻¹ cadmium treatment increased cadmium uptake in root by 14% compared to the treatment without fungus. Under stress conditions, the concentrations of zinc, iron, and calcium decreased, while magnesium increased in the root and shoot.
Conclusion: The results showed that S. indica fungus coexisted well with the Kochia plant, and by maintaining ionic balance and improving plant growth during combined stresses. It not only contributed to a sustainable biological system but also promoted plant phytoremediation by increasing the plant's ability to take up and accumulate cadmium in the root, even under microplastic pollution.
Keywords: Cadmium bioaccumulation, Mineral elements, Mycorrhizal fungus, Polyvinyl chloride, Water stress.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Plant growth under stressful conditions
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Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions by http://jspi.iut.ac.ir is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works for non-commercial purposes from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited properly.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works for non-commercial purposes from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited properly.
