Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions
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College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology
Abstract: (112 Views)
Drought, as the most significant limiting factor for yield in arid and semi-arid regions, has consistently been a major challenge for safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) production. This innovative study focuses on the development and evaluation of new safflower genotypes derived from targeted crosses between indigenous samples and global genetic resources. The primary goal was to enhance genetic diversity and identify genotypes with high tolerance to drought stress. In this research, 64 genotypes (including 10 parental genotypes, 45 F2 families resulting from their diallel crosses, and 9 check genotypes) were evaluated for phonological, morphological, and grain yield traits under two environments: severe drought stress (90% moisture depletion) and normal conditions (50% moisture depletion). The results demonstrated remarkable success in generating unprecedented genetic diversity through the integration of exotic germplasm, providing immense potential for improving agricultural traits under drought stress. Analyses indicated high heritability for grain yield-related traits under non-stress conditions, and a significant correlation between plant height and thousand-grain weight with grain yield was observed in the drought stress environment. The most crucial discovery of this research was the identification of superior drought-resistant and yield-stable populations. Specifically, population 74×67 (derived from the cross of G67 from Libya × G74 from Jordan) exhibited the most prominent drought stress tolerance and grain yield stability. Furthermore, parent G71 (Mexico) and several other populations (such as 40×86, 96×71, 9×23, 9×32, 96×86, 9×54, 74×40) were also introduced as promising genetic resources with high yield stability. These findings underscore the critical role of international germplasm resources in developing drought-resistant safflower cultivars for Iran’s water-scarce regions, representing a fundamental step towards enhancing food security and agricultural productivity.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Plant growth under stressful conditions
Received: 2025/03/26 | Accepted: 2025/07/21
Received: 2025/03/26 | Accepted: 2025/07/21
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Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions by http://jspi.iut.ac.ir is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works for non-commercial purposes from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited properly.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works for non-commercial purposes from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited properly.
