Volume 16, Issue 4 (Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions 2025)
2025, 16(4): 91-107 |
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1- Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran , bahlol.abbaszadeh@gmail.com
2- National Center for Genetic Resources (NCGR), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3- Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
2- National Center for Genetic Resources (NCGR), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
3- Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
Abstract: (272 Views)
Background and Objective: Ajwain, a medicinal plant, is widely used in traditional and modern medicine and in the food, livestock, and poultry industries. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of organic and biological fertilizers on the quantitative and qualitative performance of ajwain and the sustainability of its cultivation.
Methods: A field experiment was conducted in a split-factorial arrangement based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications to investigate the effects of biofertilizers on the quantitative and qualitative traits of ajwain. Vermicompost was applied at three levels of 0 (control), 5, and 10 ton ha-1 as the main factor. Mycorrhizal fungi were applied at three levels: no application (control), application of Rhizophagus irregularis and Funneliformis mosseae, and the presence or absence of the growth-promoting bacterium Azotobacter chroococcum.
Methods: A field experiment was conducted in a split-factorial arrangement based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications to investigate the effects of biofertilizers on the quantitative and qualitative traits of ajwain. Vermicompost was applied at three levels of 0 (control), 5, and 10 ton ha-1 as the main factor. Mycorrhizal fungi were applied at three levels: no application (control), application of Rhizophagus irregularis and Funneliformis mosseae, and the presence or absence of the growth-promoting bacterium Azotobacter chroococcum.
Results: The symbiotic interaction among the mycorrhizal fungi (Rhizophagus irregularis and Funneliformis mosseae), Azotobacter chroococcum, and vermicompost significantly improved growth indices, yield of plant organs, and essential oil (EO) yield, but did not significantly affect the EO percentage and phytochemical compounds. Funneliformis mosseae had the greatest impact on aerial parts, including the number and diameter of lateral stems, stem diameter and seed yield, while Rhizophagus irregularis played a more effective role in increasing root length, root weight, root development and seed yield. However, the use of organic and biological fertilizers did not significantly affect the major EO compounds. The highest contents of p-cymene (15.05%) and γ-terpinene (48.40%) were obtained with vermicompost (5 and 10 ton ha-1, respectively), and thymol (35.74%) with Rhizophagus irregularis.
Conclusion: The results highlight the importance of using organic and biological fertilizers to enhance the quantitative yield of ajwain. However, it seems that the quality control of EO is not affected by the treatments used and may depend on genetic factors and other agronomic treatments, including stresses.
Type of Study: Research |
Subject:
Soil health association with soil-plant interactions
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Journal of Soil and Plant Interactions by http://jspi.iut.ac.ir is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works for non-commercial purposes from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited properly.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License which allows users to read, copy, distribute and make derivative works for non-commercial purposes from the material, as long as the author of the original work is cited properly.
